YW3-56 is an inhibitor of protein arginine deiminases PAD2 and PAD4 which convert protein arginine residues to citrulline. The IC?? for inhibition of PAD4 and PAD2 is about 1–2 μM and 0.5–1 μM respectively. YW3-56 inhibits the growth of osteosarcoma U2OS cells with an IC?? of 2.5 μM. YW3-56 induces p53 target genes SESN2 and DDIT4 which repress mTORC1 kinase activity. It perturbs autophagy and inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer xenograft tumors in mice.
