MAL-dPEG?4-NHS ester, product number QBD-10214, is a crosslinking reagent that joins a sulfhydryl to a free amine. The sulfhydryl groups react with a maleimide group via a Michael addition reaction. The amines form amide bonds with the crosslinker by nucleophilic substitution of the N-hydroxysuccinimidyl (NHS) ester of a carboxylic acid group. The maleimide and NHS functional groups on the crosslinking compound sit at either end of a short, discrete-length polyethylene glycol (dPEG?) chain.nThe reactions that join free amines to free thiols are among the most popular, most useful crosslinking reactions in bioconjugate chemistry. These reactions require heterobifunctional reagents that bridge the two different reactive groups. Traditional crosslinkers are hydrophobic molecules, but our dPEG? crosslinking products are single molecular weight PEG compounds with discrete chain lengths.nThe conjugation of conventional hydrophobic crosslinking reagents to biomolecules almost inevitably triggers problems such as aggregation and precipitation of the conjugates. These problems do not occur with our water-soluble, non-immunogenic dPEG? crosslinkers.nWith these crosslinkers, the NHS ester end of the molecule must conjugate to a target molecule before the maleimide end of the molecule. At pH 7.0 – 7.5, NHS esters react optimally with free amines. However, NHS esters can react with free amines with pH as low as 6.0. As the pH increases, the hydrolysis rate of the ester increases. Thus, we strongly discourage storing MAL-dPEG?4-NHS ester in water or aqueous buffers. Instead, we recommend that customers make new solutions of the product as needed, use them immediately, and discard unused solutions after use.nThe reaction of the maleimide end of MAL-dPEG?4-NHS ester, QBD-10214, with a sulfhydryl proceeds optimally at pH 6.5 – 7.5. Use the lowest reasonable pH within this range. Above pH 7.5, free amines compete with free thiols at the maleimide reaction site, which can cause confusing results. Moreover, at higher pH values, the maleimide ring may open to form unreactive maleamic acid.nNumerous scientific papers, patents, and presentations have published the uses of MAL-dPEG?4-NHS ester, QBD-10214. The following list highlights some of the more important uses of this product:nDevelopment of therapeutic antisense drugs;nDevelopment of active and passively targeted nanoparticles;nDevelopment of vaccines;nDevelopment of nanoparticle-based photodynamic therapy;nDevelopment of Gd-doped CuS nanoparticles for imaging and targeted photothermal treatment of gastric tumors;nDevelopment of antibody-drug conjugates;nDevelopment of extracellular antibody-drug conjugates; and,nDevelopment of multiplex assays.
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Click Chemistry Tools(CCT)公司位于美國亞利桑那州斯科茨代爾(Scottsdale,AZ)。自公司成立以來,一致致力于不斷開發(fā)和擴(kuò)展一系列連接產(chǎn)品。他們利用特別新的研究成果研發(fā)生產(chǎn)出新穎的交聯(lián)和標(biāo)記試劑。產(chǎn)品被廣泛用于藥物研發(fā)、癌癥治療以及各類診斷技術(shù)等。此外,CCT還可以提供個性化的定制產(chǎn)品,已滿足不同用戶的需求。目前CCT的產(chǎn)品線主要包括:Azides(Biotin-Azides)試劑、Bis-sulfone交聯(lián)試劑、DBCO試劑、TCO試劑、Terminal Alkyne試劑、Tetrazine試劑、標(biāo)記試劑盒以及分選用底物等。nFluoroprobes公司位于美國亞利桑那州斯科茨代爾(Scottsdale, AZ),自成立以來,一直致力于不斷開發(fā)一系列的連接(linker)產(chǎn)品。利用特別新的研究成果研發(fā)生產(chǎn)出各類新穎的交聯(lián)和標(biāo)記試劑。其產(chǎn)品被廣泛用于藥物研發(fā)與篩選、疾病治療方法和診斷技術(shù)等領(lǐng)域。此外,F(xiàn)luoroprobes還可以根據(jù)客戶的個性化需求提供各類定制連接產(chǎn)品。代表產(chǎn)品有Classic Fluorescent Dyes, AZDye, Cyanine Dyes, IR Dyes, MB dyes以及一些標(biāo)記試劑盒等。nQuanta Biodesign公司位于美國中部的俄亥俄州,成立于1997年。也是專注于生產(chǎn)研發(fā)各類標(biāo)記產(chǎn)品的品牌之一。其研發(fā)的產(chǎn)品與dPEG技術(shù)相結(jié)合,生產(chǎn)出他們獨有的專利產(chǎn)品dPEG Building Blocks and Linkers,被廣泛用于細(xì)胞治療和分子診斷等研究領(lǐng)域。另外,還可為廣大科研工作者提供多種化學(xué)修飾試劑以及傳統(tǒng)Liner等。n目前上述三個品牌都已被被Vectorlabs收購并整合到Vectorlabs產(chǎn)品中